KRI Nanggala's oxygen runout time has passed (at 3am in Jakarta, Indonesia time (4am in Bali) Saturday 24 April 2021. The lack of oxygen on KRI Nanggala (402) (if it is intact on the seafloor) means survivors are highly unlikely.
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Submarine Matters'special Southeast Asia correspondent, "Shawn C" advised just over 5 hours ago:
"No seismic activity [that could have been caused by KRI Nangalla imploding at extreme depth] was detected around the time of Nanggala’s disappearance.
PETE COMMENT
If KRI Nangalla was at periscope depth (periscope being just above the sea surface) this may have coincided with Nangalla's snorkel also being over the surface (ie. Nangalla snorting (sucking in air for the diesel engines and expelling carbon dioxide and poisonous carbon monoxide.).
As indicated here, on April 22, 2021, if using the snorkel was the cause of Nangalla's disappearance, then: seawater could have entered the snorkel, as the 2017 Argentine ARA San Juan lost submarine case. Seawater gushing through the snorkel down to the submarines 100s tonnes of lead-acid Batteries would cause a release of poisonous, highly flammable, hydrogen gas. It is possible this happened to Nanggala. Such a critical diesel-electric battery problems could have caused electrical failure - as suspected by the Indonesian Navy. No electrical power could have prevented surfacing, prevented radio transmissions and prevented emergency oxygen supplies being provided to the crew.
Also the snorting/snorkelling process could have led to a rapid leak/release of poisonous carbon dioxide and, even worse, carbon monoxide gas into the submarine. This could have quickly and fatally rendered the crew unconscious.
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This is the international naval hymn for submariners in memory of KRI Nanggala's crew.
Peter Coates
Director, Submarine Matters
(reporting to Australia and the US)