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Part 3 - three LIB Arrangements - Recharging and Snorting Cycles

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In Two Types of Japanese Lithium-ion Batteries Being Considered (by the Japanese Navy (JMSDF)) of  February 17, 2017, the two types were:

-  “NCA” that is Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide ( LiNiCoAlO) LIBs made by GS Yuasa. For main traits of NCA scroll quarter way down at. The Japanese Navy will use NCA-type batteries. Retired Japanese submarine Admiral Kobayashi advised that for mobile operations, NCA batteries and diesel may be ideal.

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-  “LTO” that is Lithium-titanate ( Li4Ti5O12 ) LIBs made by Toshiba. For main traits of LTO scroll a third way down at. Kobayashi believes LTO types were offered to Australia for its SEA 1000, Future Submarine proposal. An ambush submarine would operate better on fuel cells, LTO and diesel.

Figure 3 (below) illustrates the time (the horizontal axis over 24 hours) and (vertical axis as MW) electrical charge/capacity changes for various types of LIB arrangements, including :

-  (A) 672 LIB-NCAs batteries in the submarine. These have a recharge life of 500 cycles

-  (B) rather than FC-AIP, Stirling AIP+480 NCAs, (will be considered in Part 3) and 

-  (C) 480 LTOs 7000 to 15,000 cycles

The operational needs of the submarine and the number of recharge cycles (that is, the frequency of snorts) of the 3 different arrangements over a 24 hour period.


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(A) 672 NCAs
















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 NCAs



















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(B) Stirling AIP+480 NCAs















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(C) 480 LTOs

















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A big thanks to Anonymous.

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